19þmw \qäm-nsâ BZy-]-Ip-Xn-bn AXm-bXv 1850 F.-Un. tbmSv ASp¯ \mfn hdoXv sIm¨pam¯p F¶p t]cp-ff cp ktlm-Z-c·mÀ X§-fpsS cp ktlm-Z-cn-amcpw Hcpan¨v tNµ-aw-Kew F¶ {Kma-¯n F¯n. s]cn-bm-dn-tâbpw, Nme-¡pSn ]pg-bp-sSbpw kwKa Øe-amb tNµ-aw-Kew, A¶v GhÀ¡pw {]nb¦c-amb tZi-am-bn-cp¶p. tNµ-aw-K-e¯v sImisXcp-hn hnim-e-amb ]mS-ti-J-c-¯nsâ Ing¡p `mK-¯mbn hdoXv, am¯p ktlm-Z-c-·mÀ X§-fpsS ktlm-Z-cn-am-cp-ambn Xmakw Bcw-`n-¨p. tNµ-aw-K-e¯v sImSn-b³ F¶ -ho«pt]cn-\m ChÀ Adn-bs¸«p. a®n \n¶pw s]m¶v hnf-bn-¡p-¶-Xn tIa-\mb hdoXv Xsâ apgp-h³ ka-bhpw a®n-t\mSv t]mcm-Sp-hm-\mbn hn\n-tbm-Kn-¨p. Irjn Xnc¡p Imc-W-am-bn-cn¡mw hdoXn\v hnhmlw Ign-bv¡p-hm³ Ign-ªnÃ.
sIm¨pam¯p sshZy-\m-bn-cp¶p. _meNnInÕ-bn-em-bn-cp¶p At±-l-¯n\v {]mhoWyw. Npcp-§nb Imew sIm-v At±lw \m«n FÃm-hÀ¡pw {]nb¦c-\mbn amdn. kXy-hm³, kuay³, hniz-kvX³, F¶o KpW-§Ä At±-l-¯nsâ {]tXy-I-X-bmbn amdn. A¡m-es¯ {]_e Xd-hm-Smb ]menbw Xd-hm-«n sIm¨pam¯p sshZyÀ¡v hen-b-Øm\w t\Sp-hm³ Ignªp
A¡m-e¯v tNµ-aw-Kew tZi-¯nsâ H«pan¡ `qanbpw ]menbw Xd-hm-SntâXv Bbn-cp-¶p. Ah-cn \n¶pw ]m«-¯n\v FSp¯v, AXn Irjn-sNbvXv, ]m«w \ÂIn \m«pImÀ Pohn-¨p-t]m-¶p. ]m«¡mÀ ]m«w \ÂImsX h¶m ]m«w Hgn-¸n¨v Sn `qan sIm¨pam¯p sshZy\v ]m«-¯n\v \ÂIp-am-bn-cp¶p. kXy-hm\pw, hniz-kvX-\p-amb hdoXv, sIm¨pam¯p ktlm-Z-c-·mÀ¡v `pan \ÂIn-bm ]m«w In«p¶ Imcy-¯n kwi-b-¯n\v CS-bn-Ãm-bn-cp-¶p. C¯-c-¯n hdoXv, sIm¨pam¯p ktlm-Z-c-·mÀ¡v t\ms¡¯m Zqc-t¯mfw \op-In-«p-¡p¶ ]mS-ti-Jcw ssIh-i-¯n h¶p. Npcp-§nb Ime-w sImv sImSn-b-³ ktlm-Z-c-·mÀ \m«n Adn-b-s¸-Sp¶ iàn-bmbn amdn.
sIm¨p am¯p sshZy³ ]d-hqÀ Iqc³ Xdhm-«nse sIm¨p adn-bs¯ Xsâ PohnX kJn-bmbn Is¯n. a¬ ]m{X hym]mc-ambncp¶p sIm¨p-a-dn-b-¯nsâ ho«p-ImÀ¡v. tNµ-aw-Kew sImSn-b³ Xd-hm-«n F¯nb sIm¨p adnbw Hcp _nkn-\Êv km{amPyw Xs¶ ]Sp-¯p-bÀ¯n. ]p«v Bbn-cp¶p Ah-cpsS D¸¶w. Xd-hm-«n-\-Sp-¯mbn B Ime-L-«-¯n 150 sImih IpSpw-_-§Ä Dm-bn-cp¶p. F«p]¯v kv{XoIÄ Znh-khpw Acn-s]m-Sn¨v ]p«v Dm-¡p-am-bn-cp¶p. kao]hmkn-I-fmb sImih IpSpw-_-§Ä Ah-cpsS cmhnes¯ `£-W-¯n-\mbn Cu ]p«ns\bmWv B{i-bn-¨Xv. sImSn-b³ ktlm-Z-c-·m-cmb hdoXv Irjn `qanbnepw, sIm¨p am¯p NnI-Õ-bnepw X§-fpsS Ign-hpIÄ Zn\-{]Xn IqSp-X IqSp-X-embn sXfn-bn-¨p.
Cu Ime-L-«-¯n Xs¶ sImSn-b³ ktlm-Z-c-·m-À X§-fpsS cp ktlm-Z-cn-am-cp-tSbpw hnhm-l-§Ä BtLm-j-ambn \S¯n.
aq¯ ktlm-Zcnsb Ip¯n-b-tXmSv tIme-t©cn Xd-hm-Sn-tebv¡v sI«n-b-¨p. \mfp-IÄ Gsd Ign-ª-t¸mÄ `À¯m-hnsâ ho«n-ep-mb km¼-¯nI XIcm-dp-IÄ ImcWw Ah-cpsS IpSpw_w tNµ-aw-K-e-t¯bv¡v Xmakw amdn. a¯mbn, tXma³, hÀ¡n F¶ aq¶p B¬a¡Ä AhÀ¡p-mbn.
a¯mbn F¶ aI³ C¶v kmdmwtIm F¶ Øm]\w ØnXn sN¿p¶ Øe-¯mWv BZyw Xma-kn-¨n-cp-¶Xv. sIm¨p hÀ¡n-bpsS aI-\mWv ]Sn-ªmdv tIme-t©cn Ad¡ an \S¯p¶ BKkvXn-bpsS A¸³ tXma³. aq¶m-as¯ aI-\mb tXmasâ k´Xn ]c-¼-c-IÄ C¶v Ipgp-¸n-f-fn-bn Xma-kn-¡p¶p.
sIm¨pam¯p sshZysâ cm-as¯ ktlm-Zcn Xsâ `À¯m-hmb am¯p-hp-sam-¶n¨p tNµ-aw-K-e¯v Xma-k-am¡n. Ah-cpsS a¡Ä tXma³, hdoXv tXmasâ a¡-fmb am¯p FIvkv anen-«dn sNdp-I-S-¸p-d¯v Xma-kn-¡p¶p. HcmÄ IW-¡³ IShnepw, asäm-cmÄ ]p¯³ then-¡-c-bnepw Xma-kn-¡p¶p. hdoXv GXm\pw hÀjw ap³]p hsc tNµ-aw-K-e¯v Ipt¼en ]d-¼n\v hS¡p hiw Xma-kn-¨n-cp¶p. hdo-Xn-sâ aq¯ aIsâ ac-W-¯n\p tijw AhÀ Cu \m«n \n¶pw amdn Xma-kn-¡p-I-bmWv. sIm¨p am¯p sIm¨p-a-dnbw Z¼-Xn-amÀ¡v k¼-¯nsâ Imcy-¯nepw, k´m-\-§-fpsS Imcy-¯nepw kar-²n-bm-bn-cp-¶p. 14 a¡Ä AhÀ¡v Dm-bn-cp-¶p.
Ahsc Ipdn¨v e`yam-b hn-hc§Ä Np-hsS tNÀ¡p-¶p.
o sIm¨p am¯p Itcm«v
o sIm¨p Hutk¸v B-e-§mSv
o Ipªp hdoXv ]mtd-¡m«v
o C«n-¡pcp hSt¡ AI-¯qSv
o tZh-Ên
o sIm¨p tXma³ ImcpWy hnemkw
o sIm¨p adnbw
amf a-I³ Xd-hm-«n-tebv¡v sI«n-¨p. sIm¨p adnbw aI³ am¯p®n Hcpan¨v tNµ-aw-K-e¯v Xma-k-am-¡n. hÀj-§Ä¡p tijw km¼-¯nI {]bm-k-§Ä ImcWw am¯p®n aIsâ XmakØe-amb ]p¯³then-¡cbntebv¡v amdn
o C«ym\w
Nme-¡pSn amf-¡m-c³ hdoXv hnhmlw Ign-¨p.
o Xm
amf If-¸p-c-¦Â Hu-tk¸v hnhmlw Ign-¨p.
o Cf-¨mcv
N¡-c-I-Shv, I®w¼-pg Hu-tk¸v hnhmlw Ign¨p.
sIm¨pam¯p sshZy-\m-bn-cp¶p. _meNnInÕ-bn-em-bn-cp¶p At±-l-¯n\v {]mhoWyw. Npcp-§nb Imew sIm-v At±lw \m«n FÃm-hÀ¡pw {]nb¦c-\mbn amdn. kXy-hm³, kuay³, hniz-kvX³, F¶o KpW-§Ä At±-l-¯nsâ {]tXy-I-X-bmbn amdn. A¡m-es¯ {]_e Xd-hm-Smb ]menbw Xd-hm-«n sIm¨pam¯p sshZyÀ¡v hen-b-Øm\w t\Sp-hm³ Ignªp
A¡m-e¯v tNµ-aw-Kew tZi-¯nsâ H«pan¡ `qanbpw ]menbw Xd-hm-SntâXv Bbn-cp-¶p. Ah-cn \n¶pw ]m«-¯n\v FSp¯v, AXn Irjn-sNbvXv, ]m«w \ÂIn \m«pImÀ Pohn-¨p-t]m-¶p. ]m«¡mÀ ]m«w \ÂImsX h¶m ]m«w Hgn-¸n¨v Sn `qan sIm¨pam¯p sshZy\v ]m«-¯n\v \ÂIp-am-bn-cp¶p. kXy-hm\pw, hniz-kvX-\p-amb hdoXv, sIm¨pam¯p ktlm-Z-c-·mÀ¡v `pan \ÂIn-bm ]m«w In«p¶ Imcy-¯n kwi-b-¯n\v CS-bn-Ãm-bn-cp-¶p. C¯-c-¯n hdoXv, sIm¨pam¯p ktlm-Z-c-·mÀ¡v t\ms¡¯m Zqc-t¯mfw \op-In-«p-¡p¶ ]mS-ti-Jcw ssIh-i-¯n h¶p. Npcp-§nb Ime-w sImv sImSn-b-³ ktlm-Z-c-·mÀ \m«n Adn-b-s¸-Sp¶ iàn-bmbn amdn.
sIm¨p am¯p sshZy³ ]d-hqÀ Iqc³ Xdhm-«nse sIm¨p adn-bs¯ Xsâ PohnX kJn-bmbn Is¯n. a¬ ]m{X hym]mc-ambncp¶p sIm¨p-a-dn-b-¯nsâ ho«p-ImÀ¡v. tNµ-aw-Kew sImSn-b³ Xd-hm-«n F¯nb sIm¨p adnbw Hcp _nkn-\Êv km{amPyw Xs¶ ]Sp-¯p-bÀ¯n. ]p«v Bbn-cp¶p Ah-cpsS D¸¶w. Xd-hm-«n-\-Sp-¯mbn B Ime-L-«-¯n 150 sImih IpSpw-_-§Ä Dm-bn-cp¶p. F«p]¯v kv{XoIÄ Znh-khpw Acn-s]m-Sn¨v ]p«v Dm-¡p-am-bn-cp¶p. kao]hmkn-I-fmb sImih IpSpw-_-§Ä Ah-cpsS cmhnes¯ `£-W-¯n-\mbn Cu ]p«ns\bmWv B{i-bn-¨Xv. sImSn-b³ ktlm-Z-c-·m-cmb hdoXv Irjn `qanbnepw, sIm¨p am¯p NnI-Õ-bnepw X§-fpsS Ign-hpIÄ Zn\-{]Xn IqSp-X IqSp-X-embn sXfn-bn-¨p.
Cu Ime-L-«-¯n Xs¶ sImSn-b³ ktlm-Z-c-·m-À X§-fpsS cp ktlm-Z-cn-am-cp-tSbpw hnhm-l-§Ä BtLm-j-ambn \S¯n.
aq¯ ktlm-Zcnsb Ip¯n-b-tXmSv tIme-t©cn Xd-hm-Sn-tebv¡v sI«n-b-¨p. \mfp-IÄ Gsd Ign-ª-t¸mÄ `À¯m-hnsâ ho«n-ep-mb km¼-¯nI XIcm-dp-IÄ ImcWw Ah-cpsS IpSpw_w tNµ-aw-K-e-t¯bv¡v Xmakw amdn. a¯mbn, tXma³, hÀ¡n F¶ aq¶p B¬a¡Ä AhÀ¡p-mbn.
a¯mbn F¶ aI³ C¶v kmdmwtIm F¶ Øm]\w ØnXn sN¿p¶ Øe-¯mWv BZyw Xma-kn-¨n-cp-¶Xv. sIm¨p hÀ¡n-bpsS aI-\mWv ]Sn-ªmdv tIme-t©cn Ad¡ an \S¯p¶ BKkvXn-bpsS A¸³ tXma³. aq¶m-as¯ aI-\mb tXmasâ k´Xn ]c-¼-c-IÄ C¶v Ipgp-¸n-f-fn-bn Xma-kn-¡p¶p.
sIm¨pam¯p sshZysâ cm-as¯ ktlm-Zcn Xsâ `À¯m-hmb am¯p-hp-sam-¶n¨p tNµ-aw-K-e¯v Xma-k-am¡n. Ah-cpsS a¡Ä tXma³, hdoXv tXmasâ a¡-fmb am¯p FIvkv anen-«dn sNdp-I-S-¸p-d¯v Xma-kn-¡p¶p. HcmÄ IW-¡³ IShnepw, asäm-cmÄ ]p¯³ then-¡-c-bnepw Xma-kn-¡p¶p. hdoXv GXm\pw hÀjw ap³]p hsc tNµ-aw-K-e¯v Ipt¼en ]d-¼n\v hS¡p hiw Xma-kn-¨n-cp¶p. hdo-Xn-sâ aq¯ aIsâ ac-W-¯n\p tijw AhÀ Cu \m«n \n¶pw amdn Xma-kn-¡p-I-bmWv. sIm¨p am¯p sIm¨p-a-dnbw Z¼-Xn-amÀ¡v k¼-¯nsâ Imcy-¯nepw, k´m-\-§-fpsS Imcy-¯nepw kar-²n-bm-bn-cp-¶p. 14 a¡Ä AhÀ¡v Dm-bn-cp-¶p.
Ahsc Ipdn¨v e`yam-b hn-hc§Ä Np-hsS tNÀ¡p-¶p.
o sIm¨p am¯p Itcm«v
o sIm¨p Hutk¸v B-e-§mSv
o Ipªp hdoXv ]mtd-¡m«v
o C«n-¡pcp hSt¡ AI-¯qSv
o tZh-Ên
o sIm¨p tXma³ ImcpWy hnemkw
o sIm¨p adnbw
amf a-I³ Xd-hm-«n-tebv¡v sI«n-¨p. sIm¨p adnbw aI³ am¯p®n Hcpan¨v tNµ-aw-K-e¯v Xma-k-am-¡n. hÀj-§Ä¡p tijw km¼-¯nI {]bm-k-§Ä ImcWw am¯p®n aIsâ XmakØe-amb ]p¯³then-¡cbntebv¡v amdn
o C«ym\w
Nme-¡pSn amf-¡m-c³ hdoXv hnhmlw Ign-¨p.
o Xm
amf If-¸p-c-¦Â Hu-tk¸v hnhmlw Ign-¨p.
o Cf-¨mcv
N¡-c-I-Shv, I®w¼-pg Hu-tk¸v hnhmlw Ign¨p.
o I{Xo\þsImc«n ]f-f-¯m«n ho«n-tebv¡v hnhmlw Ign-¨-b¨p
sIm¨pam¯p sIm¨p adnbw Z¼-Xn-IÄ 14 k´m-\-§Ä¡v P·w \ÂIn. aq¶v B¬ a¡sf sshZy-·mÀ B¡n. cp a¡Ä Irjn-¡m-cmbn, HcmÄ I¨-h-S-¯n Xev]-c-\mbn. s]¬a¡sf \à \ne-bn sI«n-¨-b-¨p. F¶m³ Bcpw Xs¶ km¼-¯nIambn DbÀ¶ \ne-bn F¯n-bn-Ã.
sIm¨pam¯p sshZy³ C¶s¯ tNµ-aw-Kew sImSn-b³ Xd-hm-«nse Adn-b-s¸Sp¶ aq¯-¸q-¸³ 1078 [\p 29þmw XobXn Ncaw {]m]n-¨p. (1902 January first half Holy Cross)
sIm¨p-a-dnbw aq¯½q½ Ipf-¯n hoWp acn¨p. aq¯½q½sb tNµ-aw-Kew Holy Cross tZhm-e-b-¯n\v AI-¯mWv kwkv-¡-cn-¨Xv
Ahn-hm-lnX-\mbn Ignª hdoXv aq¯-¸q¸sâ A´y-\m-fp-Isf ]äntbm, At±-l-¯nsâ PohnX Ah-km-\s¯ ]äntbm, H¶pw Xs¶ Is-¯p-hm³ Ign-ªnÃ. At±-l-¯nsâ Nn´m-K-Xnbpw, PohnX ho£-Whpw ]mc-¼-cy-ambn In«n-b-Xn-\m BImw C¶pw sImSn-b³ Xd-hm-«n ]ecpw Ahn-hm-ln-X-cmbn Ign-bp-¶p.